Game da duban dan tayi

01 Menene gwajin duban dan tayi?

Magana game da abin da duban dan tayi, dole ne mu fara fahimtar abin da duban dan tayi.Ultrasonic wave wani nau'i ne na igiyar sauti, wanda ke cikin igiyoyin injiniya.Raƙuman sauti tare da mitoci sama da na sama na abin da kunnen ɗan adam ke iya ji (20,000 Hz, 20 KHZ) su ne duban dan tayi, yayin da mitar duban dan tayi yawanci ke tashi daga 2 zuwa 13 miliyan Hz (2-13 MHZ).Ka'idar daukar hoto ta duban dan tayi ita ce: Saboda yawan gabobin jikin mutum da bambancin saurin yaduwar igiyar sauti, duban dan tayi zai nuna a cikin nau'i daban-daban, binciken yana karbar duban dan tayi ta hanyar gabobin daban-daban kuma ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar kwamfuta zuwa samar da hotuna na ultrasonic, don haka gabatar da ultrasonography na kowane gabobin jikin mutum, kuma mai sonographer yayi nazarin waɗannan ultrasonography don cimma manufar ganewar asali da maganin cututtuka.

02 Shin duban dan tayi illa ga jikin mutum?

Yawancin karatu da aikace-aikace masu amfani sun tabbatar da cewa jarrabawar duban dan tayi yana da lafiya ga jikin mutum, kuma ba mu buƙatar jin damuwa game da shi.Daga ka'idar bincike, duban dan tayi shine watsawar girgizar injiniya a cikin matsakaici, lokacin da yake yadawa a cikin matsakaicin ilimin halitta kuma kashi na radiation ya wuce wani kofa, zai sami tasiri mai aiki ko tsarin aiki akan matsakaicin ilimin halitta, wanda shine tasirin ilimin halitta. na duban dan tayi.Dangane da tsarin aikinta, ana iya raba shi zuwa: sakamako na injiniya, tasirin thixotropic, tasirin thermal, tasirin kwararar sauti, tasirin cavitation, da dai sauransu, kuma tasirin sa yana dogara ne akan girman adadin da tsawon lokacin dubawa. .Duk da haka, za mu iya tabbata cewa na yanzu ultrasonic ganewar asali kayan aiki factory ne a cikin m yarda da Amurka FDA da China CFDA matsayin, da kashi ne a cikin hadari kewayon, idan dai m iko na dubawa lokaci, duban dan tayi ba shi da wani. cutar da jikin mutum.Bugu da kari, Kwalejin Royal na likitocin mata da mata ta ba da shawarar cewa a yi akalla na'urar duban dan tayi a cikin mahaifa guda hudu tsakanin dasawa da haihuwa, wanda hakan ya isa ya tabbatar da cewa an san na'urar duban dan tayi a duk fadin duniya kuma za a iya yin shi da cikakkiyar kwarin gwiwa, har ma da 'yan tayi.

03 Me yasa wani lokaci yakan zama dole kafin bincike "Cikin wofi", "cikakken fitsari", "fitsari"?

Ko “azumi”, “rike fitsari”, ko “fitsari”, don guje wa wasu gabobin cikin ciki ne domin su shiga cikin gabobin da muke bukata mu bincika.

Don wasu gwaje-gwajen gabobin jiki, kamar hanta, bile, pancreatic, hanta, magudanar jini, tasoshin ciki, da sauransu, ana buƙatar babu ciki kafin a bincika.Domin jikin mutum bayan cin abinci, gastrointestinal tract zai samar da iskar gas, kuma duban dan tayi yana "tsoron" gas.Lokacin da duban dan tayi ya ci karo da gas, saboda babban bambanci a cikin tafiyar da iskar gas da kyallen jikin mutum, yawancin duban dan tayi yana nunawa, don haka gabobin da ke bayan gas ba za a iya nunawa ba.Duk da haka, yawancin gabobin cikin ciki suna kusa ko a bayan sashin gastrointestinal, don haka ana buƙatar komai mara kyau don kauce wa tasirin iskar gas a cikin gastrointestinal tract akan ingancin hoto.A daya bangaren kuma, bayan an ci abinci, za a fitar da bile da ke cikin gallbladder don taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci, gallbladder din zai ragu, har ma ba za a iya gani da kyau ba, kuma tsari da canje-canjen da ba a saba da su ba a dabi'a ba za su kasance ba.Don haka kafin a duba hanta, bile, pancreas, splin, manyan hanyoyin jini na ciki, tasoshin koda, manya su rika yin azumi sama da awa 8, sannan yara su rika yin azumin akalla sa'o'i 4.

Lokacin yin gwaje-gwaje na duban dan tayi na tsarin urinary da gynecology (transabdominal), wajibi ne a cika mafitsara (riƙe fitsari) don nuna gabobin da suka dace a fili.Wannan shi ne saboda akwai hanji a gaban mafitsara, sau da yawa akwai tsoma baki na iskar gas, idan muka riƙe fitsari don cika mafitsara, a dabi'a zai tura hanjin "daga", zaka iya sa mafitsara ya bayyana a fili.A lokaci guda kuma, mafitsara a cikin cikakken yanayin zai iya nunawa a fili a fili raunukan bangon mafitsara da mafitsara.Kamar jaka.Lokacin da aka lalatar, ba za mu iya ganin abin da ke ciki ba, amma idan muka riƙe shi a buɗe, za mu iya gani.Sauran gabobin, irin su prostate, mahaifa, da appendices, suna buƙatar cikakken mafitsara a matsayin taga mai haske don ingantaccen bincike.Don haka, don waɗannan abubuwan bincike waɗanda suke buƙatar ɗaukar fitsari, yawanci suna shan ruwa mara kyau kuma ba sa yin fitsari awanni 1-2 kafin gwajin, sannan a duba lokacin da aka fi son yin fitsari.

Na'urar duban dan tayi da muka ambata a sama binciken duban dan tayi ne ta bangon ciki, kuma wajibi ne a riqe fitsari kafin bincike.A lokaci guda kuma, akwai wani binciken duban dan tayi, wato transvaginal gynecologic ultrasound (wanda aka fi sani da "Yin ultrasound"), wanda ke buƙatar fitsari kafin bincike.Wannan shi ne saboda transvaginal ultrasound wani bincike ne da ake sanyawa a cikin al'aurar mace, wanda ke nuna mahaifar da na'urorin biyu sama, kuma mafitsara na nan a kasa da gaban gaban mahaifar, da zarar ya cika, zai tura mahaifar da biyun. appendages baya, sa su nisantar da binciken mu, yana haifar da mummunan sakamako na hoto.Bugu da ƙari, duban dan tayi na transvaginal sau da yawa yana buƙatar bincike na matsa lamba, zai kuma motsa mafitsara, idan mafitsara ya cika a wannan lokacin, mai haƙuri zai sami rashin jin daɗi a fili, zai iya haifar da ganewar asali.

04 Me yasa kayan m?

Lokacin yin nazarin duban dan tayi, ruwa mai tsabta da likita ya yi amfani da shi shine wakili mai haɗawa, wanda shine shiri na gel na polymer na ruwa, wanda zai iya sa binciken da jikin jikin mu ba tare da haɗuwa ba, hana iska daga rinjayar tafiyar da raƙuman ruwa na ultrasonic. da kuma inganta ingancin hoton ultrasonic.Bugu da ƙari, yana da wani sakamako mai maƙarƙashiya, yana sa binciken ya zama mai santsi yayin zamewa a saman jikin majiyyaci, wanda zai iya ceton ƙarfin likita kuma yana rage yawan rashin jin daɗi.Wannan ruwa ba mai guba ba ne, marar ɗanɗano, ba mai ban haushi ba, da wuya yana haifar da rashin lafiyan halayen, kuma mai sauƙin tsaftacewa, bushewa da sauri, duba da tawul ɗin takarda mai laushi ko tawul ɗin ana iya goge shi da tsabta, ko tsaftacewa da ruwa.

05 Likita, ashe jarrabawar da na yi ba "launi ba ne"?
Me yasa kuke kallon hotuna a cikin "baƙar fata da fari"

Da farko, kana bukatar ka fahimci cewa launi duban dan tayi ba launi TV a cikin gidajenmu.A asibiti, duban dan tayi na launi yana nufin launi na Doppler duban dan tayi, wanda aka samo shi ta hanyar ɗaukaka siginar kwararar jini akan hoto mai girma biyu na B-ultrasound (nau'in duban dan tayi na B) bayan lambar launi.A nan, "launi" yana nuna halin da ake ciki na jini, lokacin da muka kunna aikin Doppler launi, hoton zai bayyana ja ko alamar jini mai shuɗi.Wannan wani muhimmin aiki ne a cikin tsarin binciken mu na duban dan tayi, wanda zai iya nuna yadda jinin jikin mu na al'ada ya nuna kuma ya nuna jinin da ke cikin wurin da ya dace.Hoton mai girma biyu na duban dan tayi yana amfani da matakan launin toka daban-daban don wakiltar amsawar gabobin da raunuka daban-daban, don haka yana kama da "baki da fari".Misali, hoton da ke ƙasa, hagu hoto ne mai girma biyu, galibi yana nuna yanayin jikin ɗan adam, yana kama da "baƙar fata da fari", amma lokacin da aka sanya shi akan siginar ja, launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, ya zama launi daidai. "launi duban dan tayi".

Hagu: "Baki da fari" duban dan tayi Dama: "Launi" duban dan tayi

06 Kowa ya san cewa zuciya wata gabo ce mai matukar muhimmanci.
Don haka menene kuke buƙatar sani game da duban dan tayi na zuciya?

Echocardiography na zuciya jarrabawa ce marar lalacewa ta amfani da fasaha na duban dan tayi don lura da girman girman, siffar, tsari, bawul, hemodynamics da aikin zuciya na zuciya.Yana da mahimmancin ƙimar bincike don cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan valvular da cardiomyopathy waɗanda abubuwan da aka samu suka shafa.Kafin yin wannan jarrabawar, manya ba sa buƙatar zubar da ciki, kuma ba sa buƙatar wasu shirye-shirye na musamman, kula da dakatar da amfani da magungunan da ke shafar aikin zuciya (kamar dijital, da dai sauransu), sanya tufafi maras kyau don sauƙaƙe bincike.Lokacin da yara suka yi duban dan tayi na zuciya, saboda kukan yara zai yi tasiri sosai ga kimantawar jini na likita, yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 3 ana ba da shawarar su kasance masu kwantar da hankali bayan binciken tare da taimakon likitocin yara.Ga yara fiye da shekaru 3, ana iya ƙayyade ƙaddamarwa bisa ga yanayin yaron.Ga yara masu kuka mai tsanani kuma ba za su iya yin aiki tare da jarrabawa ba, ana bada shawara don gudanar da bincike bayan kwantar da hankali.Don ƙarin yara masu haɗin gwiwa, zaku iya yin la'akari da jarrabawar kai tsaye tare da iyaye.