Za mayeso a ultrasound

01 Kodi ultrasound ndi chiyani?

Kulankhula za ultrasound ndi, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsa chimene ultrasound ndi.Akupanga mafunde ndi mtundu wa mafunde amphamvu, omwe amapangidwa ndi mafunde amagetsi.Mafunde amawu okhala ndi ma frequency apamwamba kuposa zomwe khutu la munthu lingamve (20,000 Hz, 20 KHZ) ndi ultrasound, pomwe ma ultrasound a zamankhwala nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 2 mpaka 13 miliyoni Hz (2-13 MHZ).Mfundo yojambula pakuwunika kwa ultrasound ndi: Chifukwa cha kachulukidwe ka ziwalo zamunthu komanso kusiyana kwa liwiro la kufalikira kwa mafunde, ma ultrasound amawoneka mosiyanasiyana, kafukufukuyo amalandira ma ultrasound omwe amawonetsedwa ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndikusinthidwa ndi kompyuta. kupanga akupanga zithunzi, motero kupereka ultrasonography aliyense chiwalo cha thupi la munthu, ndi sonographer kusanthula ultrasonography kukwaniritsa cholinga cha matenda ndi kuchiza matenda.

02 Kodi ultrasound imawononga thupi la munthu?

Kafukufuku wambiri ndi ntchito zothandiza zatsimikizira kuti kuyezetsa kwa ultrasound ndikotetezeka kwa thupi la munthu, ndipo sitiyenera kuda nkhawa nazo.Kuchokera pakuwunika kwa mfundo, ultrasound ndi kufalikira kwa kugwedezeka kwamakina m'katikati, ikafalikira m'kati mwachilengedwe ndipo mlingo wa radiation umaposa malire ena, udzakhala ndi zotsatira zogwira ntchito kapena zomangika pazachilengedwe, zomwe ndi zotsatira zamoyo. za ultrasound.Malinga ndi limagwirira ntchito, akhoza kugawidwa mu: makina kwenikweni, thixotropic zotsatira, matenthedwe zotsatira, lamayimbidwe otaya zotsatira, cavitation zotsatira, etc., ndi zotsatira zake zoipa makamaka zimadalira kukula kwa mlingo ndi kutalika kwa kuyendera nthawi. .Komabe, tikhoza kukhala otsimikiza kuti panopa akupanga matenda chida fakitale ali mosamalitsa kutsatira United States FDA ndi China CFDA mfundo, mlingo ndi mkati otetezeka osiyanasiyana, bola ngati wololera kulamulira nthawi kuyendera, ultrasound anayendera alibe. kuwononga thupi la munthu.Kuphatikiza apo, a Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists amalimbikitsa kuti osachepera anayi oyembekezera amayenera kuchitidwa pakati pa kuikidwa m'mimba ndi kubadwa, zomwe ndi zokwanira kutsimikizira kuti ma ultrasound amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati otetezeka ndipo amatha kuchitidwa ndi chidaliro chonse, ngakhale mwana wosabadwayo.

03 Chifukwa chiyani nthawi zina ndizofunikira musanayesedwe "M'mimba yopanda kanthu", "mkodzo wonse", "kukodza"?

Kaya ndi "kusala", "kugwira mkodzo", kapena "kukodza", ndiko kupewa ziwalo zina zapamimba kuti zisokoneze ziwalo zomwe tiyenera kuzifufuza.

Pakuwunika kwa chiwalo china, monga chiwindi, bile, kapamba, ndulu, mitsempha yamagazi ya impso, ziwiya zam'mimba, ndi zina zambiri, m'mimba yopanda kanthu ndikofunikira musanayesedwe.Chifukwa thupi la munthu mutatha kudya, thirakiti la m'mimba lidzatulutsa mpweya, ndipo ultrasound "imaopa" mpweya.Pamene ultrasound ikukumana ndi mpweya, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kayendedwe ka mpweya ndi minofu yaumunthu, ma ultrasound ambiri amawonekera, kotero ziwalo zomwe zili kumbuyo kwa mpweya sizingawonetsedwe.Komabe, ziwalo zambiri m'mimba zili pafupi kapena kuseri kwa m'mimba thirakiti, kotero chopanda kanthu m'mimba chofunika kupewa zotsatira za mpweya m'mimba thirakiti chithunzi khalidwe.Kumbali ina, mutatha kudya, ndulu mu ndulu imatulutsidwa kuti ithandizire kugaya, ndulu imafota, ndipo ngakhale siyikuwoneka bwino, ndipo kapangidwe kake ndi kusintha kwachilendo m'menemo kudzakhala kosawoneka.Choncho, pamaso kupenda chiwindi, ya ndulu, kapamba, ndulu, m`mimba lalikulu mitsempha, impso mitsempha, akuluakulu ayenera kusala kudya kwa maola oposa 8, ndipo ana ayenera kusala kudya kwa maola osachepera 4.

Pochita mayeso a ultrasound a dongosolo la mkodzo ndi matenda achikazi (transabdominal), ndikofunikira kudzaza chikhodzodzo (kugwira mkodzo) kuti muwonetse ziwalo zoyenera.Ichi ndi chifukwa pali matumbo kutsogolo kwa chikhodzodzo, nthawi zambiri mpweya kusokoneza, pamene tigwira mkodzo kudzaza chikhodzodzo, izo mwachibadwa kukankhira matumbo "kutali", mukhoza kupanga chikhodzodzo kusonyeza bwino.Pa nthawi yomweyo, chikhodzodzo mu zonse boma akhoza bwino kusonyeza chikhodzodzo ndi chikhodzodzo khoma zotupa.Zili ngati thumba.Ikaphwanyidwa, sitingathe kuona zomwe zili mkatimo, koma tikaitsegula, timatha kuona.Ziwalo zina, monga prostate, chiberekero, ndi appendices, zimafuna chikhodzodzo chathunthu monga zenera lowonekera kuti lifufuze bwino.Choncho, zinthu zowunikirazi zomwe zimafunika kugwira mkodzo, nthawi zambiri zimamwa madzi opanda kanthu ndipo musamakodze maola 1-2 musanayambe kufufuza, ndiyeno fufuzani ngati pali cholinga chodziwika bwino chokodza.

The gynecological ultrasound yomwe tatchula pamwambapa ndi kuyesa kwa ultrasound kudutsa khoma la m'mimba, ndipo ndikofunikira kusunga mkodzo musanawunike.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, palinso kufufuza kwa gynecologic ultrasound, ndiko kuti, transvaginal gynecologic ultrasound (yomwe imadziwika kuti "Yin ultrasound"), yomwe imafuna mkodzo musanayesedwe.Izi zili choncho chifukwa transvaginal ultrasound ndi kafukufuku amene anaikidwa mu nyini ya mkazi, kusonyeza chiberekero ndi zomangira ziwiri mmwamba, ndi chikhodzodzo ili mmunsi mwa kutsogolo kwa chiberekero appendages, pamene kudzaza, izo kukankhira chiberekero ndi ziwiri. zomangira mmbuyo, kuwapanga iwo kutali ndi kafukufuku wathu, kubweretsa zotsatira zolakwika za kujambula.Komanso, transvaginal ultrasound nthawi zambiri amafuna kuthamanga kufufuza, adzalimbikitsanso chikhodzodzo, ngati chikhodzodzo ali wodzaza pa nthawi ino, wodwalayo adzakhala ndi zoonekeratu kusapeza bwino, zingachititse anaphonya matenda.

04 Chifukwa chiyani zinthu zomata?

Pochita kafukufuku wa ultrasound, madzi owonetsetsa omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dokotala ndi othandizira ogwirizanitsa, omwe ndi madzi opangidwa ndi polima gel okonzekera, omwe angapangitse kafukufukuyo ndi thupi lathu laumunthu kukhala logwirizana, kuteteza mpweya kuti usakhudze kuyendetsa kwa mafunde akupanga, ndi bwino kwambiri khalidwe la akupanga kujambula.Komanso, imakhala ndi mafuta enaake, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kafukufukuyo azikhala wosalala kwambiri akamaterera pathupi la wodwalayo, zomwe zimatha kupulumutsa mphamvu za dokotala ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kusapeza bwino kwa wodwalayo.Madzi awa ndi opanda poizoni, osapweteka, osakwiyitsa, samayambitsa ziwengo, komanso zosavuta kuyeretsa, zouma mofulumira, fufuzani ndi thaulo la pepala lofewa kapena thaulo likhoza kupukuta, kapena kuyeretsa ndi madzi.

05 Dokotala, kodi mayeso anga sanali "color ultrasound"?
Chifukwa chiyani mukuyang'ana zithunzi mu "zakuda ndi zoyera"

Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mtundu wa ultrasound si mtundu wa TV m'nyumba mwathu.Zachipatala, mtundu wa ultrasound umatanthawuza mtundu wa Doppler ultrasound, womwe umapangidwa ndi kukweza chizindikiro cha magazi pazithunzi ziwiri za B-ultrasound (B-mtundu wa ultrasound) pambuyo polemba mitundu.Apa, "mtundu" ukuwonetsa momwe magazi amayendera, tikayatsa ntchito yamtundu wa Doppler, chithunzicho chidzawoneka chizindikiro chofiira kapena chabuluu.Iyi ndi ntchito yofunikira mu ndondomeko yathu yowunikira ma ultrasound, yomwe imatha kuwonetsa kutuluka kwa magazi a ziwalo zathu zachibadwa ndikuwonetsa magazi a malo otupa.Chithunzi chamitundu iwiri cha ultrasound chimagwiritsa ntchito milingo yosiyanasiyana ya imvi kuyimira ma echoes osiyanasiyana a ziwalo ndi zotupa, kotero zikuwoneka "zakuda ndi zoyera".Mwachitsanzo, chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa, kumanzere ndi chithunzi cha mbali ziwiri, chikuwonetseratu maonekedwe a minofu yaumunthu, ikuwoneka "yakuda ndi yoyera", koma ikayikidwa pamwamba pa chizindikiro chofiira, chamtundu wa buluu, chimakhala mtundu woyenera. "mtundu ultrasound".

Kumanzere: "Wakuda ndi woyera" ultrasound Kumanja: "Mtundu" ultrasound

06 Aliyense amadziwa kuti mtima ndi chiwalo chofunikira kwambiri.
Ndiye muyenera kudziwa chiyani za ultrasound ya mtima?

Cardiac echocardiography ndi kuyesa kosasokoneza pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa ultrasound kuti muwone kukula, mawonekedwe, kapangidwe kake, valavu, hemodynamics ndi ntchito ya mtima wamtima.Iwo ali ofunika matenda kufunika kwa kobadwa nako matenda a mtima ndi matenda a mtima, valvular matenda ndi cardiomyopathy anakhudzidwa ndi anapeza zinthu.Asanachite kafukufukuyu, akuluakulu safunikira kutulutsa m'mimba, komanso safunikira kukonzekera kwina kwapadera, kulabadira kuyimitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amakhudza ntchito ya mtima (monga digitalis, etc.), kuvala zovala zotayirira kuti athe kufufuza.Pamene ana kuchita mtima ultrasound, chifukwa kulira kwa ana kwambiri zingakhudze dokotala kuwunika kwa mtima magazi, ana osakwana zaka 3 ambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kuti sedating pambuyo kufufuza mothandizidwa ndi dokotala wa ana.Kwa ana opitirira zaka 3, sedation imatha kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi momwe mwanayo alili.Kwa ana omwe ali ndi kulira kwakukulu ndipo sangathe kugwirizana ndi kufufuza, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyese kufufuza pambuyo pa sedation.Kwa ana ambiri ogwirizana, mungaganizire kufufuza mwachindunji limodzi ndi makolo.