Clinical ntchito mwadzidzidzi ultrasound
Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza cha anthu, kuyezetsa kwa ultrasound kwakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuwunika kwachipatala.Mu chithandizo chadzidzidzi, kuyezetsa kwa ultrasound kumakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yolondola kwambiri, kuthamanga kwachangu, osavulaza komanso palibe zotsutsana.Kuwunika mobwerezabwereza kumatha kuyang'ana odwala muzochitika zilizonse, kupindula nthawi yamtengo wapatali yopulumutsira odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lowopsa kwambiri, ndikuthandizira kuchepa kwa ma X-ray.Kutsimikizirana kogwirizana ndi mayeso a X-ray;Ubwino waukulu ndi wakuti odwala mwadzidzidzi omwe ali ndi vuto losasunthika kapena omwe sayenera kusunthidwa akhoza kuyesedwa nthawi iliyonse komanso kulikonse, ndipo palibe malire a zochitika, yomwe ndiyo njira yoyamba yowunikira odwala omwe akudwala kwambiri.
1.Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ultrasound yonyamula katundu mu zoopsa zothandizira zoyamba ndi mimba yovuta
Focus Ultrasound Assessment of Trauma (FAST) : Mfundo zisanu ndi chimodzi (subxiphoid, kumanzere kwa epigastric, epigastric yakumanja, kumanzere kwa aimpso, dera lamanja la aimpso, chiuno cham'chiuno) adasankhidwa kuti azindikire mwachangu zoopsa zakupha.
01 Kuzindikira mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri kapena kuvulala kwakukulu kwa mpweya mu thunthu ndi madzimadzi aulere m'mimba: Kufufuza kwachangu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira kukha mwazi kwa pleural, komanso kudziwa komwe kumatuluka magazi ndi kuchuluka kwake (kutuluka kwa pericardial, pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, pneumothorax). , ndi zina).
02 Kuvulala kofala: chiwindi, ndulu, kapamba.
03 Common sanali zoopsa: pachimake appendicitis, pachimake cholecystitis, ndulu ndi zina zotero.
04 Matenda achikazi wamba: ectopic pregnancy, placenta previa, kuvulala kwapakati, etc.
05 Zowawa za ana.
06 Hypotension yosadziwika bwino ndi zina zambiri zimafunikira mayeso a FASA.
2.Kugwiritsa ntchito kunyamula ultrasound mu mtima
Echocardiography ndiye muyezo wagolide pakuzindikiritsa matenda ambiri amtima ndi pericardial.
01 Pericardial effusion: Kuzindikirika mwachangu kwa pericardial effusion, pericardial tamponade, ultrasound-guided pericardial puncture.
02 Massive pulmonary embolism: Echocardiography ingathandize kuthetsa mikhalidwe yokhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi pulmonary embolism, monga tamponade ya mtima, pneumothorax, ndi myocardial infarction.
03 Kuwunika kwa ntchito ya ventricular kumanzere: Kumanzere kwa systolic kwa ventricular kunayesedwa ndi kusanthula kofulumira kwa axis yayikulu yakumanzere, axis yaying'ono yakumanzere, mtima wa zipinda zinayi, ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka kumanzere kwa ventricular ejection.
04 Aortic dissection: Echocardiography imatha kuzindikira malo a dissection, komanso malo okhudzidwa.
05 Myocardial ischemia: Echocardiography ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa mtima ngati kusuntha kwakhoma kwachilendo.
06 Matenda a mtima a Valvular: Echocardiography imatha kuzindikira ma valve osadziwika bwino komanso kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa magazi.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma ultrasound onyamula m'mapapo ndi diaphragm
01 Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuopsa kwa chibayo chapakati pazaka zapakati, tinthu tating'ono tating'ono ta pulmonary hydrophilia timawonekera m'mapapu - Chizindikiro cha Mzere B.
02 Ntchito mu matenda aakulu chibayo odwala, onse mapapo diffuse maphatikizidwe B-line, kusonyeza "woyera m'mapapo" chizindikiro, kwambiri milandu kuoneka mapapu kuphatikiza.
03 Kuti mudziwe za pleural effusion, ultrasound motsogozedwa puncture ngalande ya pleural effusion.
04 Kuzindikira matenda a pneumothorax: chizindikiro cha stratospheric, mapapu ndi zizindikiro zina zimasonyeza kukhalapo kwa pneumothorax.
05 Kuwongolera makonzedwe a mpweya wabwino ndikuwona momwe mapapu akukulirakulira.
06 Pakuti diaphragmatic ultrasound ntchito, kutsogoleredwa offline, kusiyanitsa pakati ndi zotumphukira kupuma kulephera.
4.Kugwiritsira ntchito ultrasound yonyamula mu tendon ya minofu
01 Ultrasound imatha kuwunika ngati tendon idang'ambika komanso kukula kwake.
02 Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi ululu ndi kutupa kwa manja ndi mapazi, ultrasound imatha mwamsanga komanso modalirika kuzindikira tenosynovitis, yomwe imathandiza kupititsa patsogolo chisamaliro ndikusankha chithandizo choyenera.
03 Yang'anirani kuphatikizidwa kwamagulu mu nyamakazi yosatha.
04 Limbikitsani molondola kukhumba kwa tendon ndi bursae ndi jekeseni wa minofu yofewa.
5.Kugwiritsa ntchito ma ultrasound onyamula pamalangizo azachipatala
01 Kuphulika kwa mitsempha: mawonekedwe a catheterization yakuya kwa mitsempha, kuphulika kwa mitsempha, ndi zina zotero.
02 Kuyika kwa chigoba cha laryngeal.
03 Motsogozedwa ndi trachea intubation.
04 Kuphatikizika kolumikizana, kutsekeka kwa mitsempha, ndi zina.
05 Kuwongolera pericardial patsekeke, thoracic patsekeke, pamimba pamimba, etc.
06 Cyst, kalozera woboola abscess, etc.
Tingaone kuti ntchito osiyanasiyana kunyamula mtundu Doppler ultrasound matenda chida ndi lalikulu kwambiri, ndi osiyanasiyana kuyendera ndi lonse, mkulu molondola, kudya anayendera, sanali zoopsa, palibe contraindications, mobwerezabwereza anayendera;Kusanthula kwamtundu wa Doppler kumakhala ndi zotsatirazi zofunika:
Zing'onozing'ono komanso zosunthika, zimatha kunyamulidwa mwachindunji ndi manja, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ogwira ntchito zachipatala azinyamula mwamsanga ultrasound kupita kuchipatala.
Liwiro kuyendera mofulumira, akhoza kubwerezedwa, palibe zoopsa, palibe contraindications.
Sinthani kumadera osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito, kuphatikiza pa bedi, ICU, mwadzidzidzi, kuyendera kumunda, ndi zina zambiri.
Mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri azithunzi ndi chithandizo chazofufuza zam'mimba, zapamwamba komanso zamtima zokhala ndi mitundu ingapo yamagwiritsidwe kuti akwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana zachipatala.
Ultrasound interventional therapy, diso la ultrasound lotengedwa ndi dokotala.
The kunyamula mtundu Doppler matenda chida amapereka maziko odalirika zina matenda matenda ndi chithandizo, ndipo amazindikira kuti odwala kwambiri akhoza kumaliza bedi mtima ultrasound kufufuza popanda kusiya ICU, amene kwambiri bwino matenda ndi mlingo wa mankhwala a odwala aakulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-13-2023
