01 Ikizamini cya ultrasound ni iki?
Muganira kubyerekeye ultrasound icyo aricyo, tugomba kubanza kumva icyo ultrasound aricyo.Ultrasonic wave ni ubwoko bwijwi ryijwi, ryaba imashini yumurongo.Ijwi ryijwi rifite imirongo iri hejuru yurugero rwo hejuru rwibyo ugutwi kwabantu kwumva (20.000 Hz, 20 KHZ) ni ultrasound, mugihe ultrasound yubuvuzi isanzwe iri hagati ya miliyoni 2 na 13 Hz (2-13 MHZ).Ihame ryerekana amashusho yikizamini cya ultrasound ni: Bitewe nubucucike bwingingo zabantu no gutandukanya umuvuduko wogukwirakwiza amajwi, ultrasound izagaragarira mubyiciro bitandukanye, iperereza ryakira ultrasound ryerekanwa ningingo zitandukanye kandi ritunganywa na mudasobwa kugeza kora amashusho ya ultrasonic, bityo werekane ultrasonography ya buri rugingo rwumubiri wumuntu, kandi sonographe asesengura izi ultrasonography kugirango agere ku ntego yo gusuzuma no kuvura indwara.
02 Ultrasound yangiza umubiri wumuntu?
Umubare munini wubushakashatsi hamwe nuburyo bufatika bwerekanye ko kwisuzumisha ultrasound bifite umutekano kumubiri wumuntu, kandi ntitugomba kubyumva.Duhereye ku isesengura ry'amahame, ultrasound ni ihererekanyabubasha ry’imashini hagati, iyo ikwirakwije mu binyabuzima kandi ikigereranyo cya irrasiyo kirenze igipimo runaka, bizagira ingaruka ku mikorere cyangwa imiterere ku binyabuzima, ari byo biologiya ya ultrasound.Ukurikije uburyo bwibikorwa byayo, irashobora kugabanywamo: ingaruka zubukanishi, ingaruka za thixotropique, ingaruka zumuriro, ingaruka ya acoustic flux, cavitation effect, nibindi, ningaruka mbi zayo ahanini biterwa nubunini bwa dose nuburebure bwigihe cyo kugenzura .Icyakora, turashobora kwizeza ko uruganda rukora ibikoresho byo gusuzuma ultrasonic rugezweho rwubahiriza byimazeyo amahame yo muri Amerika FDA n’Ubushinwa CFDA, ikigereranyo kiri mu mutekano, igihe cyose hagenzuwe neza igihe cyo kugenzura, ubugenzuzi bwa ultrasound nta kwangiza umubiri w'umuntu.Byongeye kandi, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologistes irasaba ko byibura hakorwa ultrases byibura mbere yo kubyara mbere yo guterwa no kuvuka, ibyo bikaba bihagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko ultrasound izwi ku isi hose ko ifite umutekano kandi ishobora gukorwa n’icyizere cyuzuye, ndetse no mu nda.
03 Kuki rimwe na rimwe biba ngombwa mbere yo gusuzuma "Igifu cyuzuye", "inkari zuzuye", "inkari"?
Yaba "kwiyiriza ubusa", "gufata inkari", cyangwa "kwihagarika", ni ukwirinda izindi ngingo zo munda kwivanga mu ngingo tugomba gusuzuma.
Kugira ngo hasuzumwe ingingo zimwe na zimwe, nk'umwijima, umwijima, pancreas, impyiko, imiyoboro y'amaraso y'impyiko, imiyoboro y'inda, n'ibindi, igifu kirimo ubusa mbere yo kwisuzumisha.Kuberako umubiri wumuntu umaze kurya, inzira yigifu izabyara gaze, kandi ultrasound "itinya" gaze.Iyo ultrasound ihuye na gaze, kubera itandukaniro rinini mumikorere ya gaze nuduce twabantu, igice kinini cya ultrasound kigaragarira, bityo ingingo ziri inyuma ya gaze ntizishobora kugaragara.Nyamara, ingingo nyinshi ziri munda ziherereye hafi cyangwa inyuma yinzira ya gastrointestinal, bityo rero igifu kirimo ubusa kugirango hirindwe ingaruka za gaze mumitsi yigifu ku bwiza bwibishusho.Ku rundi ruhande, nyuma yo kurya, umura uri mu mara uzasohoka kugira ngo ufashe igogora, uruhago ruzagabanuka, ndetse ntirushobora kugaragara neza, kandi imiterere n'impinduka zidasanzwe muri byo bizaba bisanzwe bitagaragara.Kubwibyo, mbere yo gusuzuma umwijima, bile, pancreas, spleen, imiyoboro minini yinda yinda, imiyoboro yimpyiko, abantu bakuru bagomba kwiyiriza amasaha arenga 8, kandi abana bagomba kwiyiriza byibuze amasaha 4.
Iyo ukora ibizamini bya ultrasound ya sisitemu yinkari na ginecologiya (transabdominal), ni ngombwa kuzuza uruhago (gufata inkari) kugirango werekane neza ingingo zibishinzwe.Ni ukubera ko hari amara imbere yuruhago, akenshi habaho kwivanga kwa gaze, mugihe dufashe inkari kugirango twuzuze uruhago, mubisanzwe bizasunika amara "kure", urashobora gutuma uruhago rwerekana neza.Muri icyo gihe, uruhago muri leta yuzuye rushobora kwerekana neza uruhago rwuruhago.Ni nk'isakoshi.Iyo ihinduwe, ntidushobora kubona ibiri imbere, ariko iyo tuyifunguye, dushobora kubona.Izindi ngingo, nka prostate, nyababyeyi, hamwe numugereka, bisaba uruhago rwuzuye nkidirishya ribonerana kugirango rikore neza.Kubwibyo, kuri ibi bikoresho byo gusuzuma bigomba gufata inkari, mubisanzwe unywa amazi asanzwe kandi ntukore inkari mbere yamasaha 1-2 mbere yikizamini, hanyuma urebe niba hari umugambi ugaragara wo kwihagarika.
Ultrasound y'abagore twavuze haruguru ni isuzuma rya ultrasound binyuze mu rukuta rw'inda, kandi ni ngombwa gufata inkari mbere yo gusuzuma.Muri icyo gihe, hariho ikindi kizamini cya ultrasound ginecologic, ni ukuvuga ultrasound ginecologic transvaginal (bakunze kwita "Yin ultrasound"), bisaba inkari mbere yo kwisuzumisha.Ibi biterwa nuko ultrasound ya transvaginal ni probe ishyirwa mu gitsina cy’umugore, ikerekana nyababyeyi hamwe n’imigereka ibiri hejuru, kandi uruhago ruherereye munsi yimbere y’umugongo wa nyababyeyi, nibimara kuzura, bizasunika nyababyeyi na bibiri imigereka inyuma, ituma kure yubushakashatsi bwacu, bikavamo ibisubizo bibi byo gufata amashusho.Byongeye kandi, ultrasound transvaginal akenshi isaba ubushakashatsi bwumuvuduko, bizanatera uruhago, niba uruhago rwuzuye muri iki gihe, umurwayi azagira ikibazo kitagaragara cyane, gishobora gutera kwisuzumisha.
04 Kuki ibintu bifatanye?
Iyo ukora ibizamini bya ultrasound, amazi meza yakoreshejwe na muganga ni agent ihuza, ikaba itegura amazi ya polymer gel, ishobora gukora iperereza hamwe numubiri wumuntu udahuzagurika, bikabuza umwuka kutagira ingaruka kumikorere yumuraba wa ultrasonic, kandi uzamure cyane ubwiza bwamashusho ya ultrasonic.Byongeye kandi, bifite ingaruka zimwe zo gusiga, bigatuma iperereza ryoroha mugihe rinyerera hejuru yumubiri wumurwayi, rishobora gukiza imbaraga za muganga kandi bikagabanya cyane umurwayi.Aya mazi ntabwo ari uburozi, uburyohe, ntiburakara, gake bitera reaction ya allergique, kandi byoroshye koza, byumye vuba, reba hamwe nigitambaro cyoroshye cyoroshye cyangwa igitambaro gishobora guhanagurwa neza, cyangwa gusukurwa namazi.
05 Muganga, ikizamini cyanjye nticyari "ibara ultrasound"?
Kuki ureba amashusho muri "umukara n'umweru"?
Mbere ya byose, ugomba kumva ko ultrasound yamabara atari TV yamabara murugo rwacu.Mubuvuzi, ultrasound yamabara bivuga ibara rya Doppler ultrasound, ikorwa muguhindura ibimenyetso byerekana umuvuduko wamaraso kumashusho yibice bibiri bya B-ultrasound (B-ultrasound B) nyuma yo kwandikisha amabara.Hano, "ibara" ryerekana uko amaraso atembera, iyo dufunguye ibara imikorere ya Doppler, ishusho izagaragara ibimenyetso byamaraso atukura cyangwa ubururu.Nibikorwa byingenzi mugikorwa cyacu cyo gusuzuma ultrasound, gishobora kwerekana umuvuduko wamaraso yingingo zacu zisanzwe kandi bikerekana amaraso yatanzwe na site.Ishusho-yuburyo bubiri bwa ultrasound ikoresha urwego rutandukanye rwimvi kugirango igaragaze urusaku rutandukanye rwingingo n'ibikomere, kuburyo bisa "umukara n'umweru".Kurugero, ishusho hepfo, ibumoso nigishusho cyibice bibiri, kigaragaza cyane cyane anatomiya yumubiri wabantu, gisa "umukara numweru", ariko iyo kirengeje ikimenyetso cyumutuku, ubururu bwamaraso, gihinduka ibara ryukuri "ibara rya ultrasound".
Ibumoso: "Umukara n'umweru" ultrasound Iburyo: "Ibara" ultrasound
06 Abantu bose bazi ko umutima ari urugingo rukomeye.
Niki ukeneye kumenya kuri ultrasound yumutima?
Indwara ya Cardiac echocardiography ni ikizamini kidatera ukoresheje tekinoroji ya ultrasound kugirango urebe neza ingano, imiterere, imiterere, valve, hemodinamike n'imikorere y'umutima.Ifite agaciro gakomeye ko kwisuzumisha indwara z'umutima zavukanye n'indwara z'umutima, indwara ya valvular na cardiomyopathie yibasiwe nibintu byabonetse.Mbere yo gukora iki kizamini, abantu bakuru ntibakeneye gukuramo igifu, cyangwa ntibakeneye indi myiteguro idasanzwe, bitondere guhagarika ikoreshwa ryibiyobyabwenge bigira ingaruka kumikorere yumutima (nka digitalis, nibindi), bambara imyenda irekuye kugirango borohereze ikizamini.Iyo abana bakoze ultrasound yumutima, kubera ko kurira kwabana bizagira ingaruka zikomeye mugupima kwa muganga kumaraso yumutima, abana bari munsi yimyaka 3 basabwa kwicara nyuma yo kwisuzumisha babifashijwemo nabaganga babana.Ku bana barengeje imyaka 3, kwikinisha birashobora kugenwa ukurikije uko umwana ameze.Ku bana bafite amarira menshi kandi badashobora gufatanya n'ikizamini, birasabwa gukora ikizamini nyuma yo kwikinisha.Kubana benshi ba koperative, urashobora gusuzuma ibizamini bitaziguye biherekejwe nababyeyi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-30-2023
