Hamwe nogukomeza gukwirakwiza ibikoresho bya ultrasound, abakozi benshi b’ubuvuzi barashobora gukoresha ultrasound kugirango bakore imirimo yo kureba.Mugihe cyo kureba amashusho ya ultrasound, umuraba wa ultrasound puncture ni umuraba nyuma yumuraba.Kurugero, ntabwo ultrasound ya GE gusa, Philips, Siemens, Esaote, Chison, na Sonoscape irazwi cyane, ariko guhuza imiyoboro yabyo yo guhuza ibice nayo irazwi kumasoko.Isosiyete yacu iratanga ubuGutobora icyerekezoy'ibirango bikomeye
Nyamara, ukurikije ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byifashishwa mu mavuriro byagaragaye n’umwanditsi, gukundwa kw ibikoresho bya ultrasound no gukundwa kwa ultrasound ntibishobora kugereranywa.Fata urugero rwa ultrasound iyobowe nurwego rwo kubona imitsi nkurugero, abantu benshi baracyari mubutamenya, bishobora gukurura impanuka zubuvuzi.Kuberako nubwo hariho ultrasound, ntibyashobokaga kubona aho urushinge rwacumise rwagiye.Tekiniki nyayo ya ultrasound iyobowe na penture tekinike igomba kubanza kwemeza ko umwanya wurushinge cyangwa urushinge rushobora kugaragara munsi ya ultrasound, aho gukora igereranya, hanyuma "gutobora buhumyi" iyobowe na ultrasound.Muri rusange, ikubiyemo ibihe bikurikira:
Ultrasound iyobowe na pansiyo igabanijwemo muburyo bubiri: gucumita mu ndege no gutobora indege.Ubuhanga bwombi bwo gutobora bufite ibintu byakoreshwa murwego rwo kugera kumitsi, kandi nibyiza kubimenyera.Paragarafu ikurikira ni agace kavuye mu gitabo cy’imyitozo ngororamubiri y’Abanyamerika y’ubuvuzi bwa Ultrasound kijyanye no kubaga imitsi iva mu mitsi.
Mu ndege (umurongo muremure) V.Hanze y'indege (axis ngufi)
Mu ndege / hanze-yindege yerekana isano ugereranije nurushinge, urushinge ruringaniye nindege ya ultrasound yerekana amashusho iri mu ndege, kandi inshinge ni perpendicular nindege yerekana amashusho ya ultrasound iri hanze yindege
Mubihe bisanzwe, gutobora mu ndege byerekana umurongo muremure cyangwa igice kirekire cyamaraso;gucumita hanze yindege byerekana umurongo mugufi cyangwa kwambukiranya igice cyamaraso
Kubwibyo, imiyoboro y'amaraso igera kuri ultrasound isanzwe idasohoka mu ndege / ngufi-axis, no mu ndege / ndende-axis ni kimwe.
Urushinge rushobora kwinjizwa kuva hejuru rwagati rwumuvuduko wamaraso hanze yindege, ariko inshinge y'urushinge igomba gukurikiranwa no guhagarara mukuzenguruka iperereza kugirango wirinde gupfobya ubujyakuzimu bwinshinge.
Umwanya wurushinge urashobora kugaragara muburyo bwindege, ariko biroroshye "kunyerera" indege aho urushinge ruherereye cyangwa / hamwe nindege rwagati rwamaraso;gutobora mu ndege birakwiriye cyane kubikoresho binini
Mu ndege / hanze-yindege uburyo bukomatanyije: hanze yindege / bigufi-axis scan kugirango hemezwe ko urushinge rw'urushinge rugera hagati yubwato, kuzenguruka iperereza mu ndege / ndende-axis kugirango winjizemo inshinge
Umwanya-nyarwo wurushinge cyangwa urushinge rwose rushobora kugaragara muburyo bwindege, bigaragara ko ari ingirakamaro cyane!Ariko, udashyigikiwe nibikoresho byingirakamaro nkibikoresho byo gutobora, bisaba rwose imyitozo amagana kugirango urushinge rugume mu ndege yerekana amashusho ya ultrasound kugirango umenye ubuhanga.Mubihe byinshi, kubera ko inguni ya puncture ari nini cyane, urushinge rwo gutobora ruri mu ndege yerekana amashusho ya ultrasound, ariko urushinge ruracyagaragara.Kuki ibi?
Inguni yinjizamo inshinge zurushinge rwacumuye ku gishushanyo kiri hepfo ni 17 ° na 13 °.Iyo inguni ari 13 °, umubiri wose winshinge wurushinge rwacumuwe urerekanwa neza.Iyo inguni ari 17 °, umubiri w'urushinge urashobora kugaragara gusa.Gitoya, kandi nini nini nini, niko uzahuma.None ni ukubera iki hariho itandukaniro rya 4 ° gusa, kandi ni ukubera iki hariho itandukaniro rinini mu mikorere y'urushinge rwacumita?
Ibi kandi bigomba gutangirana na ultrasonic emission no kwakira intumbero.Kimwe nubugenzuzi bwa aperture yibanda kumafoto, buri ngingo kumafoto ningaruka zifatika zumucyo wose unyura muri aperture, kandi buri ngingo kumashusho ya ultrasonic ningaruka yibanda kumurongo wa transducers zose zoherejwe na transmit na yakira aperture.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, intera yaranzwe numurongo utukura ni igishushanyo mbonera cyogukwirakwiza ultrasonic yibanda, naho umurongo wicyatsi nigishushanyo mbonera (umupaka wiburyo) wo kwakira kwibanda.Kuberako urushinge rufite umucyo uhagije, kugaragariza bidasanzwe bizabaho, kandi umurongo wera ugaragaza icyerekezo gisanzwe cyo kwigaragaza.Dufashe ko icyerekezo cyoherezwa mu kirere cyaranzwe n'umurongo utukura ni nk '"amatara" abiri, nyuma yo gukubita hejuru yindorerwamo y'urushinge, "amatara" agaragara ni nk'imirongo ibiri ya orange ku ishusho.Kubera ko "urumuri" kuruhande rwiburyo bwumurongo wicyatsi rurenze urwego rwakira kandi ntirushobora kwakirwa nubushakashatsi, "urumuri" rushobora kwakirwa rwerekanwa mukarere ka orange mubishusho.Birashobora kugaragara ko kuri 17 °, iperereza rirashobora kwakira amajwi make cyane ya ultrasonic, bityo ishusho ijyanye nigishusho cyoroshye, kandi kuri 13 °, urusaku rushobora kwakirwa rurenze 17 °.Igihe cyiyongereye cyane, amashusho nayo arasobanutse.Mugihe inguni ya puncture igabanutse, urushinge rugenda ruba "ruringaniye", kandi urusaku rwinshi rugaragarira mu mubiri w'urushinge rushobora kwakirwa neza, bityo iyerekwa rya inshinge rikaba ryiza kandi ryiza.
Abantu bamwe bitonze bazasanga kandi ko mugihe inguni itarenze agaciro runaka (urushinge ntirukeneye kuba "ruringaniye"), iterambere ryumubiri wurushinge ahanini rigumana urwego rumwe rusobanutse.tuvuge iki kuri ibi?Ni ukubera iki intera yo kohereza yibanze (umurongo utukura) yashushanyije ntoya kuruta urwego rwo kwakira intumbero (umurongo wicyatsi) mumashusho hejuru?Ibi ni ukubera ko muri sisitemu yo gufata amashusho ya ultrasound, ibyuka byoherezwa mu kirere bishobora kwibanda gusa ku burebure bumwe.Nubwo dushobora guhindura ubujyakuzimu bwibintu byangiza ikirere kugirango ishusho yegereye ubujyakuzimu bwibitekerezo byacu, ntitwifuza ko ikibanza kirenze ubujyakuzimu cyaba kijimye..Ibi biratandukanye cyane nuko dukeneye gufata amafoto yisukari-amazi yabagore beza.Filime yisukari-amazi isaba ko inyuma ninyuma yazanwe na aperture nini nuburebure buke bwumurima byose bitagaragara.Kumashusho ya ultrasound, twizera ko amashusho ari murwego mbere na nyuma yuburebure bwibandwaho arasobanutse bihagije, bityo rero dushobora gukoresha gusa imyuka mito yohereza imyuka kugirango tubone ubujyakuzimu bunini bwumurima, kugirango dukomeze guhuza ishusho.Kubijyanye no kwakira kwibanda, kubera ko sisitemu ya ultrasonic yerekana amashusho yakozwe muburyo bwa digitale, echo ultrasonic echo ya buri transducer / array element irashobora gukizwa, hanyuma ubujyakuzimu bwamashusho burashobora gutunganywa muburyo bwa digitale.Gukomeza kwibandaho, muriki gihe rero, gerageza gukingura aperture yakira bishoboka, mugihe cyose ibice byibikoresho bishobora kwakira ibimenyetso bya echo byakoreshejwe, kugirango tumenye neza ko icyerekezo cyiza hamwe nicyemezo cyiza gishobora kuboneka.Tugarutse ku nsanganyamatsiko ubungubu, iyo inguni ya puncture ari ntoya kurwego runaka, imiraba ya ultrasonic itangwa na aperture ntoya irashobora kwakirwa na nini nini yakira aperture nyuma yo kugaragazwa numubiri wurushinge, bityo ingaruka ziterambere ryumubiri wurushinge mubisanzwe bizakomeza guhinduka..
Kuri anketi yavuzwe haruguru, nakora iki niba urushinge rwo gutobora rudashobora kuboneka nyuma yuko inguni yo mu ndege irenze 17 °?
Niba sisitemu ibishyigikiye, urashobora kugerageza imikorere yo kunoza inshinge muri iki gihe.Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji yo kongera urushinge muri rusange ni ugushyiramo ikadiri yo gusikana amashusho yerekanwe muburyo bwo kwanduza no kwakirwa nyuma yikintu gisanzwe cyama scanne.Icyerekezo cyo gutandukana nicyerekezo cyumubiri wurushinge, kugirango kugaragariza umubiri wurushinge gusubizwa Umuhengeri ugwa muri aperture yibitekerezo byakira bishoboka, kandi ishusho yumubiri wurushinge rukomeye mumashusho ya deflection irakurwa kandi yerekanwe nyuma yo guhuzwa nishusho isanzwe ya tissue.Ukurikije ubunini ninshuro ya probe array element, inguni ya deflection yumurongo mwinshi wumurongo wumurongo wa array probe mubusanzwe ntabwo irenga 30 °, bityo inguni ya puncure irenga 30 °.Ntabwo yateye imbere kuri iki cyiciro)
Ibikurikira, reka turebe uko ibintu byifashe mu ndege.Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa nihame ryiterambere ryindege hejuru yindege, bizoroha cyane gusesengura iterambere ryurushinge ruri hanze yindege.Kuzunguruka umufana uzunguruka uvugwa mu myitozo ngororamubiri ni intambwe y'ingenzi yo gutobora indege, ibyo ntibikoreshwa gusa mu gushakisha umwanya w'urushinge, ahubwo no gushakisha umubiri w'urushinge.Ni uko urushinge rwacumita hamwe na ultrasound imashusho bitari mu ndege imwe muri iki gihe.Gusa iyo urushinge rwo gutobora ruri perpendicular ku ndege yerekana amashusho birashobora kuba ibyabaye kuri ultrasonic waves ibyabaye kuri urushinge rwacumita bishobora kugaruka kuri probe ya ultrasonic.Kubera ko icyerekezo cy'ubugari bwa probe muri rusange kinyuze mu kwibanda ku mubiri wa lens acoustic, aperture zombi zohereza no kwakira ni kimwe kuri iki cyerekezo, kandi ubunini bwa aperture ni ubugari bwa wafer ya transducer.Ubugari bwa array probe ni nka 3.5mm gusa (kwakira aperture yo gufata amashusho mu ndege muri rusange birenze 15mm, bikaba binini cyane kuruta ubugari bwa wafer).Kubwibyo, niba urusaku rwerekana urushinge rwacumuye hanze yindege ari ugusubira kuri probe, birakenewe gusa kwemeza ko urushinge rwacumita nu mfuruka iri hagati yindege zerekana amashusho igera kuri dogere 90.Nigute ushobora gucira urubanza impande zihagaritse?Ikintu cyimbitse cyane ni ndende "comet umurizo" ikurura inyuma yikibanza gikomeye.Ibi ni ukubera ko iyo imiraba ya ultrasonic ibaye ku rushinge rwacumita mu buryo buhagaritse, hiyongereyeho urusaku rwongeye kugaruka kuri probe hejuru y’urushinge, imbaraga nke za ultrasonic zinjira mu nshinge.Ibitekerezo byinshi byerekanwe inyuma n'inyuma, hamwe nibisubirwamo byinshi bigaragarira mubyerekezo byiperereza byongeye, biza nyuma, bityo "umurizo wa comet" muremure.Iyo urushinge rumaze kuba ruterekeranye nindege yerekana amashusho, imiraba yijwi ryerekanwe inyuma ninyuma bizagaragarira mubindi byerekezo kandi ntibishobora gusubira mubushakashatsi, bityo "umurizo wa comet" ntushobora kuboneka.Ikintu cyumurizo wa comet ntigishobora kugaragara gusa mugutobora indege, ariko no muburyo bwo guhanura indege.Iyo urushinge rwo gutobora rusa nkaho rusa nubuso, imirongo yimirongo itambitse irashobora kuboneka.Umurizo w'inyenyeri ".
Kugirango turusheho kwerekana neza mu ndege no mu ndege "umurizo wa comet", dufata imikorere yo gusikana indege no mu ndege hamwe n'ibikoresho biri mu mazi, kandi ibisubizo byerekanwe ku gishushanyo hepfo.
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana ishusho yimikorere yinguni zitandukanye mugihe umubiri wurushinge utari mu ndege kandi umuyaga uzunguruka urabisikana.Iyo iperereza ryerekeranye nurushinge rwacumita, bivuze ko urushinge rwo gutobora ruba rutandukanijwe nindege yerekana amashusho ya ultrasound, kuburyo ushobora kubona "umurizo wa comet" ugaragara
Komeza iperereza kuri perpendicular kurushinge rwacumita hanyuma uyijyane kumubiri wurushinge werekeza kumutwe.Iyo "umurizo wa comet" ubuze, bivuze ko igice cyo gusikana cyegereye inshinge, kandi ikibanza cyiza kizashira imbere.Umwanya mbere yumucyo wabuze niho urushinge ruri.Aho biherereye.Niba utorohewe, kora akantu gato-kazunguruka umufana wohanagura hafi yiyi myanya kugirango wongere wemeze.
Murakaza neza kutwandikira kubicuruzwa byubuvuzi nubuhanga
amakuru arambuye
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-17-2022
