Ungasikhetha njani isixhobo somfanekiso wezonyango

I-Ultrasound imaging, njengesixhobo sokuhlalutya umfanekiso kunye nesixhobo sokuxilonga esinelona nani likhulu lezixhobo, elona nani likhulu labantu abahloliweyo, eyona nto iphezulu yokhuseleko, ezona ziphumo zikhawulezayo zokuhlola, kunye nesona sixhobo sohlahlelo lunexabiso eliphezulu kunye nesixhobo sokuxilonga phakathi kwemifanekiso emine emikhulu. (CT, MRI, X-ray machines, and ultrasound) izixhobo zaseTshayina, ziye zasetyenziswa kwiminyaka yakutshanje.ibalwe ngowona mlinganiso mkhulu wemarike enyakeni.

I-Ultrasound, i-CT, kunye ne-MRI yokuxilonga iindlela zokuxilonga zineenzuzo zabo ekuxilongweni kwesifo, ukhetho lwesicwangciso sonyango, ukuqikelelwa kwe-prognosis kunye nonyango olulandelwa rhoqo.Yeyiphi indlela yokuxilonga yomfanekiso endinokuthi ndikhethe ukuyisebenzisa ngcono kwindawo yam?

1. Ultrasound

I-Ultrasound, isixhobo sonyango esisisiseko esiyimfuneko, sele isaziwa kwiiklinikhi ezinkulu, amaziko abongikazi kunye nezibhedlele.Umzi-mveliso wehlabathi—eTshayina, awuncami umgangatho njengesiseko, uvelisa kwaye uthumela kumazwe angaphandle iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo ze-ultrasound kubathengisi, kwaye oogqirha bangenisa i-ultrasound ngexabiso elifanelekileyo.Ngoko ke kufuneka ukhethe njani i-ultrasound ehambelanayo kwiimpawu ze-ultrasound ezikhokelwayoMindraykwayeI-Sonoscapengabaphi abavelisi bemifanekiso ye-ultrasound yaseTshayina?

A.Yintoni i-ultrasound: Amaza omsindo ane-frequency ephezulu kune-20,000 Hz ayivaki kwindlebe yomntu.Ukusebenzisa iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-ultrasound, imifanekiso eyahlukeneyo ye-cross-sectional yamalungu kunye nezitho ezijikelezileyo zingabonakaliswa ngokucacileyo, ezikufutshane nesakhiwo sangempela se-anatomical.

I-B-scan ultrasound (i-B-scan ultrasound) I-B-scan ultrasound yasungulwa kwi-1950 nguNjingalwazi u-Ian Donald weYunivesithi yaseGlasgow eScotland.

(B Ultrasound Abdominal Ultrasound Notebook Type Type Ultrasound Portable Ultrasound for Pregnancy Mother's Examination)

B. Yeyiphi inzuzo:

1) I-scan engabizi, elula, ekhawulezayo, engabonakaliyo, engabonakaliyo, echanekileyo, eqhubekayo eguquguqukayo kunye nephindaphindayo, ngoko kulula ukuthandwa kunye nokufaka isicelo, kwaye ihlala isetyenziswa njengokhetho lokuqala lwezitho eziqinileyo kunye nezitho eziqulethe ulwelo.

I-2) Isantya somfanekiso sikhawuleza, kwaye izitho ezihambayo zingabonwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, elifaneleke kakhulu ekuboniseni kunye nokulinganisa kwentliziyo, imithwalo yegazi emikhulu kunye ne-gallbladder;akukho radiation.

C.Yeyiphi intsilelo:

I-1) I-Ultrasound ithintelwe yigesi kunye namathambo, ngoko ke ayifanelekanga ukuhlolwa kwamalungu aqukethe igesi njengemiphunga, i-digestive tract kunye namathambo.Nangona kunjalo, ngophuhliso lweprobes yomzimba kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-acoustic ngokuchasene ne-acoustic tract kwi-digestive tract, i-gastric ultrasound isetyenziswe ekliniki.

2) Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuchaneka kokuxilongwa kwe-ultrasonic kuchatshazelwa ngamava omqhubi, izakhono zoviwo kunye nobunzulu.

2.CT

I-CT (i-Computed Tomography), oko kukuthi, i-electronic computerized tomography, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-X-ray CT (X-CT), i-ultrasonic CT (UCT) kunye ne-γ-ray CT (γ-CT) ngokwemitha eyahlukeneyo esetyenziswayo.

A. inzuzo:

I-1)Iinzuzo eziphambili ze-CT zisisombululo esiphezulu soxinaniso, ubudlelwane obucacileyo be-anatomical cross-sectional, kunye nokuboniswa kakuhle kweenkcukacha ze-lesion.Ngokukodwa, iifilimu ezicacileyo azikwazi ukubonisa i-calcification efanelekileyo, i-liquefaction, i-necrosis kunye nezinye izakhiwo, eziluncedo kakhulu ekuxilongweni komgangatho.

2) Ixabiso eliphantsi, likhuselekile kwaye liyakhawuleza, lilungele ukhetho lokuqala lokuhlola.

I-3) Isantya sokuhlola sikhawuleza, ngokukodwa sifanelekile ukuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza, njengengozi kunye neengozi ze-cerebrovascular.

I-4) Ixabiso le-CT leendawo ze-photosensitive zezicubu ezahlukeneyo zingafumaneka ukuhlalutya ubungakanani.

I-5) Ukuskena okuphuculweyo kuluncedo ekuboniseni okungcono kunye nokuxilongwa kwekhwalithi yezilonda.

6) Ukwakhiwa kwakhona komfanekiso kunokwenzeka.

B. ukusilela:

I-1) Kukho izixhobo ezininzi zamathambo kwezinye iindawo, ezichaphazela ukubonakaliswa kwezakhiwo ezithambileyo ezijikelezayo, njengesiseko sentloko kunye nomgudu womgogodla.

I-2) Ukuchatshazelwa yintshukumo yokuphefumula, kulula ukuphosakela iimpawu ezincinci, ezifana nemiphunga kunye nesibindi.

3)Ubungakanani bemitha yeX-reyi bukhulu.

4)Umfanekiso owenziwe ngokutsha unezixhobo ezininzi.

I-5) Isantya esiphezulu se-CT siphucule kakhulu iziphene zendalo koomatshini be-CT,

3. Uvavanyo lweX-reyi

I-advanteji :

I-1)I-X-ray inamandla okungena okunamandla, kwaye ukuhlolwa kufana nokuthatha umfanekiso womfanekiso osicaba ngaphakathi emzimbeni.Ngenxa yobuninzi obungalinganiyo bento ene-irradiated, ifilimu engalunganga emva kokuhlolwa iya kwenza umnyama nomhlophe ngemibala eyahlukileyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo kunokubonwa ukuba umbala wamathambo kwifilimu awukho-mhlophe, kwaye izicubu ezithambileyo azibonakali ngokucacileyo.

2) Isetyenziselwa ikakhulu uviwo lokuqala lwezifo ezithile, kwaye kulula ukufumana izicubu kunye nezakhiwo ezinezilonda ezicacileyo.Lukhetho lokuqala lovavanyo lokuqala lwezifo, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi.

B.intsilelo:

Uvavanyo lweX-reyi lunokubonelela kuphela umfanekiso wenqwelomoya enamacala amabini, kwaye umfanekiso uchatshazelwa lula yimpahla, ukupakisha kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo ezityebileyo, ngoko ke isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengovavanyo lokuqala.

Isaziso:

I-X-reyi inemitha encinci.Ukuba kwicala elikhuselekileyo, abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nabo baceba ukukhulelwa abakhuthazwa ukuba bathathe i-X-rays, ukwenzela ukuba bangachaphazeli uphuhliso oluqhelekileyo lwe-fetus.

Ke ngoko, ukukhetha isixhobo somfanekiso wezonyango esikufanelekela kakhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqwalasele izinto ezininzi ezifana nexabiso, ukusebenza, ukusebenza, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa kwesixhobo.Unokubonisana nenkampani yezixhobo zonyango okanye umthengisi ngolwazi oluthe kratya kunye neengcebiso.

Uvuyo yu

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