Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezinzima

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo ezinzima

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo komphakathi, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kuye kwaba enye yezindlela zokuhlola ezibalulekile zokuxilongwa kwezokwelapha.Ekwelapheni okuphuthumayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo kunobubanzi obubanzi, ukunemba okuphezulu, isivinini sokuhlola okusheshayo, ukungahlukumezeki futhi akukho ukuphikisana.Ukuhlola okuphindaphindiwe kungahlola ngokushesha iziguli kunoma yisiphi isimo, kuzuze isikhathi esiyigugu sokuhlenga ezigulini ezihlukumezeke kakhulu, futhi kwenzele ukushoda kwama-X ray.Ukuqinisekisa okufanayo ngokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray;Inzuzo enkulu ukuthi iziguli eziphuthumayo ezinokujikeleza okungazinzile noma okungafanele zihanjiswe zingahlolwa noma nini nanoma kuphi, futhi akukho mkhawulo wesigameko, okuyindlela yokuqala yokuhlola iziguli ezigula kakhulu.

Isimo sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-ultrasound eseceleni kombhede ekhaya naphesheya

1. Kukhona ukuqeqeshwa okujulile kwe-ultrasound emhlabeni jikelele.Njengamanje, uhlelo lokuqeqesha oluyisisekelo nolunengqondo lwenziwe, futhi i-World Intensive Ultrasound Alliance (WINFOCUS) isungulwe.
2. I-American College of Emergency Physicians idinga ukuthi odokotela bezimo eziphuthumayo kumele basebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-ultrasound obuphuthumayo, futhi u-95% wezikhungo zokuhlukumezeka ezingeni loku-1 e-United States (190) wenze i-ultrasound yezimo eziphuthumayo.
3. Odokotela bezimo eziphuthumayo eYurophu naseJapane baye basebenzisa kakhulu i-ultrasound ukuze basize iziguli ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni
4. I-China iqale sekwephuzile, kodwa intuthuko iyashesha.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo ku-trauma usizo lokuqala kanye nesisu esibuhlungu

01 Ukuhlolwa okuyisisekelo
Ukuhlolwa kwendlela yokuphefumula ebeka impilo engozini, ukuphefumula nokujikeleza kwegazi.- Usizo lokuqala, oluphuthumayo

02 Ukuhlolwa kwesibili
Khomba ukulimala okusobala kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba - izimo eziphuthumayo, i-ICU, isigceme

03 Isheke eliphindwe kathathu
Ukuhlola okuphelele okuhlelekile ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlukumezeka okulahlekile -ICU, isigceme

I-Focus Ultrasound Assessment of Trauma (FAST) :Amaphuzu ayisithupha (i-subxiphoid, i-epigastric yesobunxele, i-epigastric yesokudla, indawo ye-renal yesokunxele, indawo ye-renal yesokudla, umgodi we-pelvic) akhethiwe ukuze kubonakale ngokushesha ukuhlukumezeka okubulalayo.

1. Ukutholwa kwamandla ashubile ashubile noma ukulimala komoya okubuhlungu esiqwini kanye noketshezi lwamahhala esiswini: Ukuhlolwa kwe-FAST kusetshenziselwa ukutholwa kokuqala ukopha kwe-pleural, kanye nokuthola indawo yokopha kanye nenani (ukuphuma kwe-pericardial, ukukhishwa kwe-pleural, ukuphuma kwesisu, pneumothorax, njll.).
2.Ukulimala okuvamile: isibindi, ubende, ukulimala kwamanyikwe
3. Okuvamile okungeyona into ebuhlungu: i-appendicitis eyingozi, i-cholecystitis eyingozi, i-gallstones nokunye.
4. I-gynecology evamile: ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, i-placenta previa, ukuhlukunyezwa kokukhulelwa, njll
5. Ukuhlukumezeka kwezingane
6. I-hypotension engachazwanga nokunye kudinga ukuhlolwa kwe-FASA

Aukufakwa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo ngaphakathiinhliziyo

Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo nokuphumelelayo kosayizi kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo, ubukhulu bamagumbi enhliziyo ngayinye, isimo se-myocardial, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kokubuyela emuva, ukusebenza kwe-valve, ingxenye yokukhipha, ukuhlolwa kwesimo segazi, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwepompo yenhliziyo, ngokushesha. ukutholwa kwezimbangela ze-hypotension, umsebenzi we-systolic/diastolic we-ventricular kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, ukwelapha uketshezi oluqondisayo, ukuvuselelwa kwevolumu, ukuqondisa ukuqapha kwe-cardiopulmonary, Iziguli ze-Trauma azinakho ukuphuka kwenhliziyo nokwelashwa okusheshayo kwe-pericardial effusion kanye negazi, njll.

1. I-Perfusion ye-Pericardial: Ukuhlonzwa okusheshayo kokuphuma kwe-pericardial, i-pericardial tamponade, ukubhoboza kwe-pericardial okuqondiswa yi-ultrasound
2. I-massive pulmonary embolism: I-Echocardiography ingasiza ekukhipheni izimo ezinezimpawu ezifana ne-pulmonary embolism, njenge-cardiac tamponade, pneumothorax, ne-myocardial infarction.
3. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-ventricular yesokunxele: Ukusebenza kwe-systolic ye-ventricular yesokunxele kwahlolwa ngokuskena okusheshayo kwe-eksisi enkulu yesokunxele, i-eksisi encane yesokunxele, inhliziyo ye-apical enamagumbi amane, kanye nengxenye yokuphuma kwe-ventricular yesokunxele.
4. I-Aortic dissection: I-Echocardiography ingakwazi ukubona indawo ye-dissection, kanye nendawo yokubandakanyeka
5. I-Myocardial ischemia: I-Echocardiography ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola inhliziyo ukunyakaza okungavamile kodonga
6. Isifo senhliziyo se-valvular: I-Echocardiography ingathola ama-valve echoes angavamile kanye noshintsho kububanzi bokugeleza kwegazi

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo emaphashini

1. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuqina kwe-pneumonia yesigaba sasekuqaleni esimaphakathi, amahlamvu amancane e-pulmonary hydrosis avela emaphashini.
2. Womabili amaphaphu asakaza umugqa B wokuhlanganisa, obonisa uphawu "lwephaphu elimhlophe", ukuqiniswa kwamaphaphu okunzima
3. Qondisa ukumiswa kwe-ventilator futhi ubheke isimo sokunwetshwa kabusha kwamaphaphu
4. Ukuxilongwa kwe-pneumothorax: uphawu lwe-stratospheric, indawo yamaphaphu nezinye izimpawu zibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba khona kwe-pneumothorax

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo ku-muscle tendon

1. I-Ultrasound ingahlola ukuthi i-tendon idabukile kanye nezinga lokudabuka
2. Ezigulini ezinobuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwezandla nezinyawo, i-ultrasound ingakwazi ukuxilonga i-tenosynovitis ngokushesha nangokuthembekile, esiza ukuthuthukisa izinga lokunakekelwa futhi ikhethe ukwelashwa okufanele.
3. Hlola ukubandakanyeka okuhlangene ku-arthritis engapheli
4. Qondisa ngokunembile i-tendon ne-bursae aspiration kanye nomjovo wezicubu ezithambile

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ultrasound ephathekayo ekuqondisweni komtholampilo

1. I-Ultrasound-guided central vein catheterization (internal jugular vein, subclavian vein, femoral vein)
2. Ukubhobozwa kwe-PICC okuqondiswa yi-Ultrasound
3. I-catheterization eqondiswa yi-Ultrasound yomthambo ohlaselayo
4. I-Ultrasound guided thoracic puncture drainage, i-ultrasound guided abdominal puncture drainage
5. I-Ultrasound-guided pericardial effusion puncture
6. I-Ultrasound-guided percutaneous hepatogallbladder puncture

Kuyabonakala ukuthi ithuluzi lokuxilonga i-Doppler ultrasound lombala ophathwayo linobubanzi obuningi bezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimeni ezibucayi eziphuthumayo, linikeza isisekelo esithembekile sokuxilongwa nokwelashwa okwengeziwe, kanye nokuqaphela ukuthi iziguli ezibucayi zingaqedela ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yenhliziyo eceleni kombhede ngaphandle kokushiya udokotela. iwadi yokunakekela, ithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kweziguli ezibucayi.