Imishini yokuxilonga ye-Ultrasonic

Ubuchwepheshe be-Ultrasonic imaging diagnosis sebuthuthuke isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu sekhulu eChina.Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwe-elekthronikhi nobuchwepheshe be-imaging bekhompiyutha, imishini yokuxilonga ye-ultrasonic nayo ibe yintuthuko eguquguqukayo izikhathi eziningi, kusukela kusignali ye-analog/okumnyama nokumhlophe kwe-ultrasound/ukugqama kwe-harmonic/ukuqashelwa okwenziwa, kuya kusignali yedijithali/umbala we-ultrasound/i-imaging ye-elastic/ ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela.Imisebenzi emisha namazinga ezicelo ayaqhubeka nokukhula, futhi imishini yokuxilonga ye-ultrasonic iyaqhubeka nokusungula futhi ibhodloze, okwenza imboni yezokwelapha ibe nesidingo esikhulu sayo.

01. Ukuhlukaniswa okuyisisekelo kwemishini yokuxilonga ye-ultrasonic imaging evamile

Imishini yokuxilonga ye-Ultrasonic iwuhlobo lwemishini yokuxilonga emitholampilo eyakhiwe ngokomgomo we-ultrasound.Uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini emikhulu yezokwelapha njenge-CT ne-MRI, intengo yayo yokuhlolwa iphansi, futhi inezinzuzo zokungahlaseli nesikhathi sangempela.Ngakho-ke, isicelo somtholampilo siyanda futhi sibanzi.Njengamanje, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kucishe kuhlukaniswe nge-ultrasound yohlobo lwe-A (i-ultrasound ene-dimensional), i-ultrasound yohlobo lwe-B (i-two-dimensional ultrasound), i-ultrasound enezinhlangothi ezintathu kanye ne-4-dimensional ultrasound.

Imvamisa ebizwa ngokuthi i-B-ultrasound, empeleni ibhekisa ku-B-ultrasound emnyama nemhlophe enezinhlangothi ezimbili, isithombe esiqoqiwe siyindiza enezinhlangothi ezimbili ezimnyama nezimhlophe, kanti i-ultrasound yombala iyisiginali yegazi eqoqiwe, ngemuva kokufakwa ikhodi kombala wekhompyutha. isithombe esinezinhlangothi ezimbili ngesikhathi sangempela se-superposition, okungukuthi, ukwakheka kombala wesithombe segazi se-Doppler ultrasound.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasonic okunezinhlangothi ezintathu kusekelwe ethuluzini lokuxilonga i-Doppler ultrasonic yombala, idivayisi yokutholwa kwedatha iyalungiswa, futhi ukwakhiwa kabusha kwesithombe kwenziwa ngesofthiwe enezinhlangothi ezintathu, ukuze kwakhiwe idivayisi yezokwelapha engabonisa umsebenzi wokuthwebula wezinhlangothi ezintathu, ukuze izitho zomuntu zingaboniswa stereoscopic kakhudlwana futhi izilonda zingatholakala intuitively kakhudlwana.I-ultrasound yombala enezinhlangothi ezine isuselwe ku-ultrasound yombala wezinhlangothi ezintathu kanye nevektha yesikhathi yohlangothi lwesine (ipharamitha ephakathi kwezinhlangothi).

 

02. Izinhlobo ze-Ultrasonic probe kanye nezicelo

Enqubweni yokuxilongwa kwesithombe se-ultrasonic, i-ultrasonic probe iyingxenye ebalulekile yemishini yokuxilongwa kwe-ultrasonic, futhi iyithuluzi elidlulisela futhi lamukele amagagasi e-ultrasonic ohlelweni lokutholwa nokuxilongwa kwe-ultrasonic.Ukusebenza kwe-probe kuthinta ngokuqondile izici zokusebenza kokutholwa kwe-ultrasonic kanye ne-ultrasonic, ngakho-ke uphenyo lubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni kwesithombe se-ultrasonic.

Amanye ama-probe avamile kuma-ultrasonic probes ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa: i-crystal convex array probe, i-probe yohlu olunezigaba, i-linear array probe, i-volume probe, i-cavity probe.

1, si-crystal convex array probe

Isithombe se-ultrasonic siwumkhiqizo wenhlanganisela eseduze ye-probe kanye neplatifomu yesistimu, ngakho-ke emshinini ofanayo, isofthiwe ne-hardware idinga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-crystal probe eyodwa.

I-crystal convex array probe ithatha into eyodwa ye-crystal probe, i-probe surface i-convex, indawo yokuxhumana incane, inkundla yezithombe imise okwefeni, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu esiswini, ekubelethweni, emaphashini nakwezinye izingxenye ze- izitho ezijulile.

Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wesibindi

2, uphenyo lwamalungu afanayo ngezigaba

Ingaphezulu le-probe liyisicaba, indawo yokuxhumana incane, insimu eseduze incane, insimu ekude inkulu, futhi inkundla yezithombe imise okwefeni, efanele inhliziyo.

Izivivinyo zenhliziyo ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezintathu ngokwenani labantu abafaka isicelo: abantu abadala, izingane, nezinsana: (1) abantu abadala banesimo senhliziyo esijulile nesivinini sokushaya kancane;(2) Indawo yenhliziyo esanda kuzalwa ayijulile futhi ijubane lokushaya lishesha kakhulu;(3) Isimo sezinhliziyo zezingane siphakathi kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kanye nabantu abadala.

Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo

3,li-inear array probe

I-probe surface iyisicaba, indawo yokuxhumana inkulu, inkundla yokuthwebula iwunxande, ukulungiswa kwesithombe kuphezulu, ukungena kuphansi, futhi kufanelekile ukuhlolwa okukha phezulu kwemithambo yegazi, izitho ezincane, i-musculoskeletal nokunye.

Ukuhlolwa kwegilo

4, vprobe

Ngokwesisekelo sesithombe esinezinhlangothi ezimbili, uphenyo lwevolumu luzoqhubeka nokuqoqa indawo yokusabalalisa kwendawo, ngokusebenzisa i-algorithm yokwakhiwa kabusha kwekhompyutha, ukuze kutholwe isimo esiphelele sendawo.Ifanele: ubuso bengane, umgogodla nezitho.

Ukuhlolwa kwengane

5, ipheshana lomgodi

I-intracavitary probe inezici zokuvama okuphezulu nokulungiswa kwesithombe esiphezulu, futhi ayidingi ukugcwalisa esinyeni.I-probe iseduze nesayithi elihloliwe, ukuze isitho se-pelvic sibe endaweni eseduze yensimu yensimbi yomsindo, futhi isithombe sicacile.

Ukuhlolwa kwezitho ze-endovascular